![]() Little evidence was found for a significant influence of geographic space. Ecological variables (e.g., diet, foraging stratum) were also frequently significant but explained less variation. We tested 18 categorical variables associated with each bird for significant correlation to the gut microbiota host taxonomic categories were most frequently significant and explained the most variation. A core microbiota of Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria was identified, as well as several gut-associated genera. Here, we sampled 116 intestines from 59 Neotropical bird species and used the V6 region of the 16S rRNA molecule as a microbial fingerprint (average coverage per bird ~80,000 reads). Most non-model vertebrates, however, lack even a basic description of natural gut microbiota biodiversity. ![]() The gut microbiota of vertebrates are essential to host health. 3Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.2Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.1Museum of Natural Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.Hird 1,2 * †, César Sánchez 1,2, Bryan C.
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